Suprapto, Kurdian, Tavio Tavio, and Yanuar Siscaria Rahmawati. “NALYTICAL TUDY N HE FFECT F ONFINEMENT F R.C. IRCULAR OLUMN O HE ALUE F URVATURE UCTLING”. Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (July 23, 2025): 81. ccessed December 6, 2025. https://journal.its.ac.id/index.php/jce/article/view/7534.