Tensile Performance of Inter-Module Connections for Modular Steel Buildings Using Finite Element Method

Abstract

Steel modular construction is an innovative technology that uses prefabricated volumetric module units
manufactured in a factory and assembled on site via inter-module connections. However, this system's application
in high-rise buildings is limited because the structural performance is strongly influenced by the inter-module
connection mechanism. This technology uses a translational spring model to transfer loads between modules through
inter-module connections. This approach uses threaded steel rod components, connection plates, shear keys, shear
plates, and tie plates. This research aims to determine the maximum tensile capacity of the connection. It also aims
to study stress distribution due to tensile forces and failure modes in vertical modular connections. This research
uses the finite element method (FEM) to perform numerical analysis by applying monotonic loads. Simulation results
indicate that the connection's maximum tensile capacity is 307.48 kN, distributed among two rods with capacities of
153.74 kN each at a displacement of 23.2 mm. The rod undergoes elastic deformation up to Fy = 900 MPa, followed
by a plastic phase up to nearly Fu = 1,100 MPa, causing permanent strain and necking. Tensile failure occurred due
to plasticity and necking conditions.