Estimation of Ship Exhaust Gas Emission at Tanjung Priok Port Area Using AIS Data

Abstract

Maritime transportation is a major contributor to global trade but also generates significant atmospheric pollution from ship exhaust emissions. Tanjung Priok Port, Indonesia's largest seaport, experiences intensive vessel traffic that may adversely affect local air quality. This study estimates ship exhaust gas emissions in the Tanjung Priok Port area by integrating Automatic Identification System (AIS) data with the Trozzi emission estimation method. AIS data collected throughout 2024 were analyzed to determine vessel movements, ship types, gross tonnage, and operational modes (cruising, maneuvering, and hoteling). The busiest operational period was identified before estimating emissions of NOₓ, CO, CO₂, VOC, SOₓ, and PM. The results showed that November was the busiest month with 2,480 vessel movements, while 3 November 2024 recorded the highest daily traffic with 109 vessels. During the peak period, total emissions reached 641.81 kg/h of NOₓ, 2,750.63 kg/h of CO, 719.67 kg/h of CO₂, 648.58 kg/h of VOC, 458.44 kg/h of SOₓ, and 34.38 kg/h of PM. Container vessels were identified as the largest emission contributors, followed by tanker and cargo vessels. The study demonstrates that integrating AIS data with the Trozzi methodology provides a reliable activity-based emission inventory that can support sustainable port management, environmental monitoring, and maritime emission reduction policies in Indonesia.