The Impact of Crew Competency and Procedure Compliance on Minimizing Pertamina’s Fleet Downtime through PMS Effectiveness

Abstract

Technical disruptions causing unplanned ship downtime present a costly challenge for PT X. Although the International Safety Management (ISM) Code mandates a Planned Maintenance System (PMS), its practical effectiveness depends heavily on human and organizational factors—specifically crew technical competence and SOP compliance. This study aims to determine the priority weights of criteria influencing PMS effectiveness and identify strategic interventions to reduce fleet downtime. A mixed qualitative–quantitative approach based on Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), was employed to construct a four-level decision hierarchy. Pairwise comparison data were gathered from 7–10 operational and managerial experts at PT X. Expert judgments were aggregated using the geometric mean method and validated through consistency ratio testing ($CR \le 0.10$) and Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance ($W \ge 0.70$). Robustness was further verified using One-at-a-Time (OAT) and threshold sensitivity analyses. The findings anticipate that Procedural and SOP Compliance will emerge as the most dominant criterion, closely followed by Crew Technical Competence. Among the strategic alternatives, PMS Digitalization and Periodic SOP Audits are projected as the top priorities. These results are contextualized against DNV Maritime Safety Trends data (2014–2024) to align PT X challenges with global industry patterns. Ultimately, this study provides PT X management with an evidence-based, weighted decision-support framework to optimize interventions and minimize operational fleet downtime.