Model Penyebaran Penyakit Filariasis dengan Intervensi Pengobatan Massal
Keywords:
Lymphatic Filariasis, Mass Drug Administration, Mathematical ModelAbstract
Penyakit filariasis disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing mikrofilaria yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk betina ke manusia. Salah satu cara untuk mengeliminasi penyebaran infeksi tersebut adalah menggunakan pengobatan massal. Pengobatan massal merupakan pemberian obat tahunan ke seluruh populasi berisiko. Pada artikel ini, dikonstruksi model matematika untuk melihat pengaruh intervensi pengobatan massal terhadap penyebaran filariasis dalam populasi. Populasi manusia dipartisi dalam 6 kelas berdasarkan kerentanan, partisipasi dalam pengobatan massal, serta tingkat infeksi. Populasi nyamuk betina dipartisi menjadi dua kelas berdasarkan kerentanan dan keinfeksian. Berdasarkan analisis titik ekuilibrium dan simulasi numerik, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyakit akan menghilang jika R0 < 1 dan penyakit akan mewabah jika R0 > 1. Pengobatan massal dapat mengurangi laju penyebaran penyakit, tapi tidak menjamin penyakit filariasis akan menghilang dari populasi jika laju infeksi individu rentan dan laju infeksi nyamuk rentan membesar.
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