Komparasi Spline Kubik Not-a-Knot dan Natural pada Lompatan En-Nesyri Piala Dunia 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12962/limits.v22i3.6456Kata Kunci:
kinematika, lompatan fenomenal, spline kubik natural, spline kubik not-a-knotAbstrak
Abstrak
Gerakan lompatan saat menyundul bola dalam sepak bola memiliki pola yang bervariasi tergantung kondisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kinematika lompatan fenomenal En-Nesyri pada Piala Dunia 2022. Data diambil melalui teknik digitalisasi dari demonstrasi gerakan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan interpolasi spline kubik dengan dua kondisi batas: natural dan not-a-knot. Objek penelitian adalah lompatan En-Nesyri yang mencapai 2,78 meter saat menyundul bola dalam pertandingan melawan Portugal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinematika gerakan lompatan, mencakup posisi, kecepatan, dan percepatan. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan antara interpolasi spline kubik dengan dua kondisi batas yang dibandingkan. Pada detik 1,5, posisi kepala mencapai ketinggian maksimum. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa spline kubik dengan kondisi batas not-a-knot lebih sesuai untuk memodelkan lompatan fenomenal yang tidak dimulai dari keadaan diam.
Kata Kunci: kinematika, lompatan fenomenal, spline kubik natural, spline kubik not-a-knot
Abstract
The jumping motion when heading the ball in football varies depending on the conditions. This study aims to analyze the phenomenal jump of En-Nesyri at the 2022 World Cup from a kinematic perspective. The data was collected through digitization techniques from a demonstration of the jump and analyzed using cubic spline interpolation with two boundary conditions: natural and not-a-knot. The object of this study is En-Nesyri’s jump, which reached 2.78 meters when heading the ball during the match againts Portugal. The results show the kinematics of the jumping motion, including position, velocity, and acceleration. Additionally, differences between cubic spline interpolation with the two boundary conditions were observed. At 1.5 seconds, the head reaches its maximum height. The analysis indicates that the cubic spline with the not-a-knot boundary condition is more suitable for modeling phenomenal jump that do not start from a stationary position.
Keywords: kinematics, phenomenal jump, cubic spline natural, cubic spline not-a-knot
Referensi
[1] S. N. Fajrin, Agustiyawan, Purnamadyawati, and D. S. Mahayati, “Literature Review : Hubungan Koordinasi Terhadap Keterampilan Menggiring Bola Pada Pemain Sepak Bola,” Indonesian Journal of Physiotherapy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 6–12, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.52019/ijpt.v1i1.2605.
[2] R. S. Agustina, Buku Jago Sepak Bola, 1st ed. Tangerang Selatan: Cemerlang, 2020.
[3] T. Zheng et al., “Effects of plyometric training on jump, sprint, and change of direction performance in adolescent soccer player: A systematic review with meta-analysis,” PLoS ONE, vol. 20, no. 4 April, pp. 1–20, 2025, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319548.
[4] F. Gu, “Biomechanics Analysis of Side Header in Soccer Players,” 2016, pp. 1305–1308.
[5] G. Pisa, “En-Believable Youssef En-Nesyri Jumped 9 ft 1 inch For Morocco’s World Cup Winner vs Portugal. Higher Than Ronaldo for Juventus in 2019.,” The Sun UK Edition. [Online]. Available: https://www.thesun.co.uk/sport/20731042/en-nesyri-header-morocco-world-cup-ronaldo-portugal/
[6] R. Reina, J. L. L. Elvira, M. Valverde, A. Roldán, and J. Yanci, “Kinematic and kinetic analyses of the vertical jump with and without header as performed by para-footballers with cerebral palsy,” Sports, vol. 7, no. 9, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7090209.
[7] R. K. Straub, A. Horgan, and C. M. Powers, “Clinical estimation of the use of the hip and knee extensors during athletic movements using 2D video,” Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 458–462, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2021-0055.
[8] A. Paoli, A. Bianco, A. Palma, and G. Marcolin, “Training the vertical jump to head the ball in soccer,” Strength and Conditioning Journal, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 80–85, 2012.
[9] A. Mukhtar and M. A. Setiabudi, “Sundulan Bola Sepak (Heading): Potensi Analisis Berbasis Hukum Kekekalan Momentum,” Ejournal.Unibabwi.Ac.Id, pp. 1–5, 2021.
[10] P. M. McGinnis, Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise, 3rd ed. United States of America, 2013.
[11] E. Syafwan, M. Syafwan, and T. Shandy, "Pengembangan Metode Interpolasi Splin Kubik Terapit dan Aplikasinya pada Masalah Pelacakan Trajektori Objek," Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer (JTIIK), vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 943-950, 2022.
[12] S. C. Chapra, Applied Numerical Methods with MATLAB for Engineers and Scientist, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012.
[13] J. I. Arnes, A. Hapfelmeier, A. Horsch, and T. Braaten, "Greedy Knot Selection Algorithm for Restricted Cubic Spline Regression," Frontiers in Epidemiology, vol. 3, pp. 1-14, 2023.
[14] P. Barzyk, P. Zimmermann, M. Stein, D. Keim, and M. Gruber, “AI-smartphone markerless motion capturing of hip, knee, and ankle joint kinematics during countermovement jumps,” European Journal of Sport Science, pp. 1452–1462, 2024.
