Perbandingan Model Alometrik untuk Estimasi Biomassa dan Stok Karbon Kelapa Sawit Indonesia Berbasis Global Canopy Height
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan tiga model alometrik berbasis tinggi, yaitu Khalid (1999), Dewi (2009), dan Thenkabail (2004) untuk mengestimasi biomassa di atas permukaan tanah (aboveground biomass/AGB) dan stok karbon perkebunan kelapa sawit Indonesia berbasis Global Canopy Height (GCH). Wilayah studi mencakup perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia, sedangkan evaluasi hubungan umur-biomassa dilakukan pada blok perkebunan PTPN III Sei Dadap, Kabupaten Asahan. Data yang digunakan meliputi GCH resolusi 10 m, peta perkebunan kelapa sawit resolusi 10 m, dan data tahun tanam per blok. Pengolahan dilakukan pada Google Earth Engine melalui ekstraksi dan masking tinggi kanopi, penerapan tiga model alometrik, konversi AGB menjadi stok karbon menggunakan fraksi karbon 0,47, perbandingan hasil antarmodel, serta regresi logaritmik terhadap umur tanaman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketiga model menghasilkan pola spasial yang relatif serupa, tetapi memberikan nilai estimasi yang berbeda. Model Khalid menghasilkan AGB dan stok karbon tertinggi, model Dewi terendah, sedangkan model Thenkabail berada di antara keduanya. Hubungan umur tanaman dengan AGB dan stok karbon menunjukkan pola logaritmik dengan sebesar 0,76-0,77. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa pemilihan model alometrik sangat memengaruhi besaran estimasi, sehingga validasi menggunakan data lapangan diperlukan untuk menentukan model yang paling representatif bagi perkebunan kelapa sawit Indonesia.
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